AESIA (Spanish AI Supervisory Agency)

AESIA is the Spanish Agency for the Supervision of Artificial Intelligence. It is based in A Coruña and its statute was approved by Royal Decree 729/2023, making it the first agency of its kind in the EU.

Its role is to supervise the use of AI in Spain and to act as the AI Act market surveillance authority, sharing powers with sector authorities in specific areas (for example, data protection or financial services). It can request documentation, inspect systems, order their withdrawal and impose penalties, as well as guide companies and run the regulatory sandbox.

For a company operating in Spain, the practical step is to have documentation ready (system inventory, risk classification, policies, training records) in case AESIA asks for it.